Vikipedi
Üniteryenizm ( İngilizce: Unitarianism) Hristiyanlıktaki teslis inanışının aksine tanrının birliğini savunan Hıristiyan teolojisi hareketidir.
Üniteryenler İsa'nın bazı bakımlardan "Tanrı'nın oğlu" olduğunu kabul etmekle birlikte Tanrı olarak kabul etmezler. Üniteryenizmde ilk günah ve mukadderat gibi soteriyolojik doktrinler de dahil olmak üzere birçok geleneksel Hıristiyan doktrini reddedilir.Joseph Priestley, one of the founders of the Unitarian movement, defined Unitarianism as the belief of primitive Christianity before later corruptions set in. Among these corruptions, he included not only the doctrine of the Trinity, but also various other orthodox doctrines and usages (Earl Morse Wilbur, A History of Unitarianism, Harvard University Press 1952, pp. 302–303).From The Catechism of the Hungarian Unitarian Church in Transylvanian Romania: "Unitarians do not teach original sin. We do not believe that through the sin of the first human couple we all became corrupted. It would contradict the love and justice of God to attribute to us the sin of others, because sin is one's own personal action" (Ferencz Jozsef, 20th ed., 1991. Translated from Hungarian by Gyorgy Andrasi, published in The Unitarian Universalist Christian, FALL/WINTER, 1994, Volume 49, Nos.3–4; VII:107).In his history of the Unitarians, David Robinson writes: "At their inception, both Unitarians and Universalists shared a common theological enemy: Calvinism." He explains that they "consistently attacked Calvinism on the related issues of original sin and election to salvation, doctrines that in their view undermined human moral exertion." (D. Robinson, The Unitarians and the Universalists, Greenwood Press, 1985, pp. 3, 17). J. Gordon Melton tarafından hazırlanan Amerikan Dinler Ansiklopedisi'nde " liberal" kiliseler arasında sınıflandırılmıştır.ed. J. Gordon Melton Encyclopedia of American Religions (8th ed.) "Brought together in this chapter as the 'liberal' family of churches and 'religious' organizations are those groups that have challenged the orthodox Christian dominance of Western religious life: Unitarianism, universalism, and infidelism" (p. 611).
Üniteryen hareketi, her ne kadar başlangıçta "Üniteryen" olarak adlandırılmasa da, 16. yüzyılın ortalarında Polonya, Litvanya ve Transilvanya bölgesinde neredeyse aynı anda başlamıştır. Taraftarları arasında İtalyanlar önemli bir yer tutmaktaydı.James Hastings Encyclopaedia of Religion and Ethics: Algonquins-Art p 785 – 2001 "The first Unitarians were Italians, and the majority took refuge in Poland, where the laxity of the laws and the independence of the nobility secured for them a toleration which would have been denied to their views in other countries."The encyclopedia of Protestantism 137 Hans Joachim Hillerbrand – 2004 "The so-called Golden Age of Unitarianism in Transylvania (1540–1571) resulted in a rich production of works both in Hungarian and Latin". İngiltere'de ise ilk Üniteryen Kilisesi halen bugünkü İngiliz Üniteryen Merkezi'nin bulunduğu Essex Street, Londra'da 1774 yılında kurulmuştur.Erwin Fahlbusch The encyclopedia of Christianity 5 603 2008 "Lindsey attempted but failed to gain legal relief for Anglican Unitarians, so in 1774 he opened his own distinctly Unitarian church on Essex Street, London, where today's British Unitarian headquarters are still located."